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Thread Sizing Guide
Thread Size Measurement — Two
primary methods, length and weight.
Weight — In weight measurements, higher numbers reflect finer or
lighter threads. The “weight” of a particular type of thread refers to
the length of a given weight of thread. Dividing the length of thread by
a set weight derives the exact measurement of a thread weight. A thread
is labeled 40 wt. because one gram is 40 meters long. A thread is
labeled 30 wt. because one gram is 30 meters long. A 30-wt. thread is a
“heavier“ thread, meaning a thicker cross section, because a much
shorter thread weighs the same as the 40 wt.
Length — in length measurements, higher numbers reflect thicker
or heavier threads. “Denier” refers to the weight in grams of 9000
meters of thread. If 9000 meters weighs 1120 grams, it is a 120 d
thread. Most embroidery threads are 120/2, which equals 2 strands of
120-denier thread for a 240 denier total.
“Tex” refers to the weight in grams of 1000 meters of thread. If 1000
meters weighs 25 grams, it is Tex 25.
Rule of Thumb — 40 Wt. = 240 denier = Tex 25. All work in a size
75/11 needle. Schmetz advises that the diameter of the eye of the needle
should be 40% larger than the diameter of the thread. Using the rule of
thumb, consider a larger needle when using threads heavier than
40wt/240denier/tex25. Consider using a smaller needle when using finer
threads.
Conversion Factors
Weight to Denier 9000/weight
Weight to Tex 1000/weight
Denier to Weight 9000/weight
Denier to Tex Denier x 0.111
Tex to Denier Tex x 9
Tex to Weight 1000/Tex
40 Weight = 240 Denier = Tex 25
30 Weight = 300 Denier = Tex 33
The Physical Dimension of a Thread Affects:
• Both top and bobbin tensions — Changing the thread physically changes
the tension.
When thread size is changed, the upper and lower tensions should be
checked.
• Thread displacement — Too many thread fibers in a set space make the
fabric pucker.
Reduce field density, scale pattern or increase stitch length.
• Needle selection — Eye of the needle should be 40% larger than the
diameter of the thread.
When going to a larger size thread, a larger needle should be used.
©2007 Steve Butler.
All rights reserved. Used with permission.
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